[摘  要]本文以清末晋南地区临汾、洪洞、赵城三县境內的引汾灌渠——通利渠为例，通过对水利组织结构、权限、内部关系、选举换届、经费来源等的研究，复原了清朝末年该地区乡村社会水利的管理与运行状况，探讨了水利灌溉系统的性质。认为灌溉系统作为地缘因素突出的水利实体有其自身的独立性和稳定性，但仍与国家和社会等多方力量发生着互动关系。

 

    [关键词]通利渠；乡村社会；水利组织；管理与运行

    

    

Water Conservancy Management and Running in Rural Society of Southern

Shanxi Province at the Sunset of the Qing Dynasty

——A Study of the Tongli Canal

 

     Abstract: This paper presents an example of Tongli canal which is in Linfen, Hongtong and Zhaocheng counties at the end of the Qing dynasty. It gives analysis to the management and running of water conservancy organization in rural society, and discusses the character of the water conservancy system. The conclusion is that the water conservancy system has its own independence and stability, but also has the counter- act relationship with the nation and the villages.

 

Key words: Tongli canal;rural society; water conservancy organization;management and running

 

 

山西地处北方旱作农业区，水的缺乏使水利灌溉在农业生产中显得至关重要，与此同时，水利的管理与运行也同样彰显。日本学者森田明在《清代水利社会史研究》一

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